Carbureter.



R. w. HARROUN.

OARBURBTER.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 21, 19111.

1,1 18,126. Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

@JQVMQ/ 3 Mifar Y. by g I v r UNITED STATES: PACrENT OFFICE.

BAY W. HARROUN, OF- INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA; ASSIGNOB, BY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO ELECTRIC BENOVATOR MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF PITTSBURGH,

PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.-

cnnnuanrna.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, RAY WQHARROUN, a citizen of the United States,- residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in carburetors, and more particularly to carburetors available to vaporize relatively low grade fuels, such as kerosene, for utilization in internal combustion engines and the like.

I have found in practice that if low grade fuel, such as kerosene, be mixed with air in the presence of heat applied at the time of admixture, thereby to vaporize the fuel, the resultant vaporized mixture is quite stable, does not readily condense upon contact with cold air or cool metallic parts, and may successfully be employed in lieu of gasolene vapor or other higher grade fuels in the operation of internal combustion engines and the like.

and adequate, insuring substantially com-' plete vaporization of the fuel-content of the mixture.

Other objects of my invention are to provide the electrical heating agency in such form as to minimize the necessary expenditure of electrical energy; adequately to pro tect and support the electric wiring so that the heat coils may not be deleteriously effected by fluctuations in, or cessation of, the air current flow and may not be damaged by back firing of the engine through the carbureter; to provide the heating agency in the form of a unit readily changeable in case of necessity and generally to insure the provision of an adequate, efi'icient and durable heating means of the character described.

Other and further objects of my invention will be apparent to those skilled inthe art from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying'drawings wherein I have illustrated my invention as applied in a carbureter of atype embodying Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed Earth 21, 1,918. Serial no. 755,880.

many features described and claimed in my copending application Serial No. 714,065, filed August 8,1912.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section through a carburetor embodying my invention; and Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that while my invention may advantageously be embodied in the general form of carburetor shown, the features herein particularly claimed may be embodied in widely different forms of carburetors without departure from the spirit of my invention and within the scope of the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings the carburetor construction shown in general comprises a casing 10 suitably fashioned to provide a primary air inlet 11 opening through a vertical air passage 12 into a mixture chamber 13. with which communicates the secondary air passage 14- having a port 14 controlled by an automatic, spring-closed, suction-responsive air valve 15, said chamber 13 having its outlet 16 (for connection with the engine) governed by the usual throttle valve 17. The wall 18 encircling the passage 12, is surrounded by the fuel reservoir or float chamber 19. the inlet 20 to said chamber being governed by valve 21, connected for control. as through a lever 22, with the float 23. for automatic maintenance of the liquid fuel at its appropriate level in the chamber19. The "fuel finds outlet from chamber 19 through a passage in the transverse bridge 25 spanning theair passage 12, said channel communicating with the vertical bore of.

a nozzle-post 26 having suitable nozzle openings, to be described, above the valve seat 27 with which seat cotiperates a reciprocating valve 28 acted upon for depression by a spring 29 and arranged to be elevated in accordance with the movements of the. valve 15, connection between valves, in the present instance, being established by a suitable lever 30 pivoted on a shiftable fulcrum 31 for purposes described in my said copending application.

For reasons which need noth'ere be developed I regard the construction thus far generally described as mechanically and functionally advantageous, but in a broad aspect the appliances thus'far enumerated may be regarded as. a suitable provision of It will be obvious in the construction thusdescribed that the admixture of the liquid fuel and the air occurs in'the passage 12 adjacent the delivery nozzle or nozzles of the nozzle-post 26, and the space where the mixture occurs 1 will term the carbureting space. It is at this point, preferably, that I arrange the heating agency for supplying heat to vaporize the fuel at the time of its admixture with the air.

In the specific construction shown of the carbureting area, the wall 18 is provided with a shoulder 35 on which is seated an annular structure 36 of insulating material preferably of relatively good heat conductivity, lava being the material which I preferably employ. The have annulus, as shown in Fig. 2, preferably makes intimate contact with the wall 18 and extends to the top thereof. in this non-conducting ring or annulus are vertical boresor passages, of appropriate 'number,herein shownas six,-

' as indicated at 37, each of these bores extending verticallyi. e., in the direction of air flow-the entire depth of the ring and opening inwardly through suitable slots as at 38 toward the inner surface of the ring. Within these vertical bores or passages 37 are arranged electrical heating coils 40 connected together, preferably in series, with their running connecting wires located in channels 41 at the top and bottom of the lava ring, the terminals of the series coils being connected to binding posts 42 preferably insulated from and carried by one of the side walls of the mixture chamber 13. These terminals of course may be connected in an electric circuit 43 supplied with current from a suitable source 44 indicated as a battery.

The nozzle post 26 is preferably provided with an annular boss 46 extending almost to the inner surface of the insulating annulus and provided with radial nozzle openings 4:7 registering radially with the openings 38 and bores 37 of the heating unit. I prefer that the location of the nozzle structure with respect to the length of the bores 37 to be near the middle of the longitudinal extent.

thereof, the effect of this arrangement being that the heat coils 40 supplies some of the heat to the air before itreaches the point of admixture with 'the liquid fuel, and further heats the air after the'tim'e it reaches the point of admixture with the fuel, the nozzlepost boss so nearly closing the" passage 12 that the admixture of fueland airj takes place, edectively, in the heatjed passages '3? of the insulating ring." lt'w ill be apparent" that when the fuel valve 281s opened appropriately, 'and a current of "air is drawn niraiae through the primary passage 11 the restriction of the air passage adjacent the nozzle "structure 46 causesthe air, passing at relatively high speed through the heat-coil con taining passage 37 to'entrain the kerosene or. similar fuel, which issues from the nozzle in atomized form and, coming at once into contact with the heated air and the electrically heated wires, is vaporized effectively substantially at the time of its admixture with the air. it prefer that the mixture thus formed,ias in the particular construction shown,'be further mixed with a larger body of air entering through the'secondary air inlet, but the effective vaporization of the kerosene prevents its material condensation from such contact with the cooler air body or the metal parts.

It will be observed that the construction described provides the electrical heating apparatus in the form as a readily applicable heating unit wherein the wiring is adequately housed and supported so that it is not liable to break or dislocate should back firing through the carbureter occur and that an effective insulation of the Wiring at all times is insured. Furthermore it will be seen that Waste of heat from the coils is substantially prevented as the wall 18, to which any excess heat is conducted, is surrounded by the fuel chamber and any heating of the fuel thus efiected is beneficial in preparing it forready volatilization. This construction also practically eliminates the possibility of burning out the coils under any normal currentsupply, even should the current be left on while the'carbureter is not working and no substantial amount of air is passing therethrough, as the intimate contact between the heat conducting lava annulus and the metal parts of the carbureter insure a certain amount of radiation which in practice safeguards the heat coils against selfdestruction.

Having thus described an embodiment of my invention, what llclaim is: i

1. In a carburetor of the character described the combination with a structure providing an air passage and means for delivering atomized fuel into said air passage,

ofan electrical heating coil arranged in said air passa e and extending therein on both sides of t e point of delivery of the atomized fuel, with respect to the direction of air travel. v

2. In a carbureter of the character described the combination of a structure pro- *viding an air passage, a member restr cting said air passage having openings there- 'throu'ghin the direction of air flow, electricalheating coils in said openings, and

fuel "delivery means communicating with said openings. H 3 "lnl a carbureter of the characterdesciibed ia Wallidefining an air passage, an insulating block partially closing said passage and having lengthwise passages therein, heating coils mounted in said passages, a fuel delivery member extending Within said insulating block and havin lateral nozzles each arranged to deliver its fuel into an rounding said member and having longitudinal passages into which said nozzles may deliver fuel transversely, and electrical heating means within said passages arranged to be impinged upon by the delivered fuel and the passing air.

5. In a carbureter of the character described a wall defining an air passage, an annular insulating block carried by said wall and having channels opening toward its inner surface and extending lengthwise in the direction of air passage, electrical heating means within said channels, and a fuel delivery structure extending .into the open center of the annular insulating member and having lateral openings radially registering with the heater contalning channels. v

6. In a carbureter of the character described the combination of a casing providing a fuel reservoir, an air passage extending therethrough,'insulated heat coils mounted on the walls of said air passage to deliver their excess heat to thefuel reservoir, and means for delivering fuel from said reservoir into the air passage.

7. In a carbureter of th character de scribed, an air passage, an annular insulating block carried in said air passage, and having channels 0 ening toward its ,inner surface, and exten ing lengthwise in the direction of air passage, electrical heating means within said channels and a fuel delivery structure extending into the open center of the annular insulating member.

' 8. In a carbureter of the character described, the combination of a casing, providing a fuel reservoir; an air passage, extending therethrough; insulated heating coils, mounted on the walls of the said air passage a source of current sup 1y, connected to the said coils and means or spraying fuel from thereservoir into the passage adjacent the said coils. v

9. In a carbureter of the character described, the combination of a structure, providing an air passage; electrical heating coils, arranged around the walls of said passage and means for delivering jets of fuel against the heating coils intermediate their ends In testimony whereof I hereunto set my' hand in the presence of two witnesses.

RAY W. I-IARROUN.

In the presence of DILLINGER M. BELL, FERN HUFF. 

